Raiffeisen Bank International Business Model Canvas
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Strategic Business Model Canvas for a major European bank, investor-ready insights
Unlock the strategic blueprint behind Raiffeisen Bank International with our concise Business Model Canvas—three to five sentences won't do it justice, so get the full version for in-depth insights. The complete canvas maps customer segments, value propositions, channels, revenue streams and cost structure with company-specific analysis. Ideal for investors, consultants and managers seeking actionable, ready-to-use strategy in Word and Excel.
Partnerships
Regulators and central banks across CEE
Licensing and supervision partners across 13 CEE markets ensure compliant operations and local market access for Raiffeisen Bank International.
Close coordination with central banks enables timely adoption of prudential rules and payment standards, facilitating cross-border services and settlement.
Ongoing dialog supports stable liquidity and crisis readiness via contingency planning and supervisory cooperation, underpinning trust with depositors and investors.
Correspondent and clearing banks
Correspondent and clearing banks enable Raiffeisen Bank International to facilitate cross-border payments and trade finance flows, leveraging the SWIFT network that links over 11,000 institutions across 200+ countries. They provide access to multicurrency clearing and settlement rails, reducing friction for corporate treasury operations. These partnerships extend RBI’s reach beyond its 13-market CEE footprint, improving liquidity and market access for clients.
Fintech and technology vendors
Alliances with fintechs accelerate digital onboarding, KYC and payments innovation, enabling faster customer journeys and new instant-payment offerings across Raiffeisen Bank Internationals 13 CEE markets as of 2024. Core banking, cloud, cybersecurity and data partners strengthen operational resilience and regulatory compliance. Joint solutions enhance UX and cut unit costs through automation. API collaborations open new distribution and service models and platform monetization.
Capital markets and investment banking partners
Co-leads, exchanges and broker partners support RBI’s ECM, DCM and M&A execution, enabling coordinated deal structuring and market access across CEE markets.
- Co-leads: coordinated deal execution
- Syndication clubs: broaden underwriting capacity
- Research & distribution: amplify placement success
- Outcome: deepens RBI’s role in regional capital formation
Payment networks and card schemes
Partnerships with Visa, Mastercard and regional schemes allow Raiffeisen Bank International to issue and acquire at scale, leveraging networks that process billions of transactions annually. They enforce PCI DSS and EMV security standards and provide dispute management frameworks and chargeback rules. Co-brand and wallet integrations (tokenization) enhance consumer utility and reach. Merchants gain broader acceptance and transaction analytics for revenue optimization.
- Scale: access to networks processing billions of transactions
- Security: PCI DSS, EMV, tokenization
- Consumer: co-brand, mobile wallet integrations
- Merchant: wider acceptance, analytics
Market access across 13 CEE states, SWIFT rails and fintech-powered billions of transactions
Licensing and supervisors across 13 CEE markets secure market access and compliance for Raiffeisen Bank International. Correspondent and clearing banks (via SWIFT: 11,000+ institutions, 200+ countries) enable cross-border payments and multicurrency settlement. Fintech, core-banking and card-network partners accelerate digital onboarding, instant payments and card issuing at scale (networks process billions of transactions annually as of 2024).
| Partnership | Role | Metric (2024) |
|---|---|---|
| Regulators | Compliance & access | 13 CEE markets |
| Correspondent banks | Cross-border rails | SWIFT 11,000+/200+ countries |
| Tech & card networks | Digital ops & issuance | Billions txns/year |
What is included in the product
Detailed Word Document
A comprehensive, pre-written Business Model Canvas for Raiffeisen Bank International covering customer segments, channels, value propositions and revenue streams across the 9 BMC blocks, with narrative insights, competitive advantages and linked SWOT analysis to support investor presentations, strategic planning and validation of banking business models.
Customizable Excel Spreadsheet
High-level view of Raiffeisen Bank International’s business model with editable cells — quickly pinpoint pain points in lending, compliance, or regional operations and adapt strategies for faster resolution.
Activities
Corporate and retail lending
Origination, underwriting and active portfolio management drive RBI’s core interest income, supporting a CEE-focused loan book of over €40bn across 13 CEE markets in 2024. Sectoral expertise tailors deal structures to regional dynamics, especially in corporate real estate and trade finance. Ongoing monitoring and early-warning systems safeguard asset quality, keeping NPLs low. Workouts and targeted restructurings preserve recovery value and limit credit losses.
Trade finance and cash management
Raiffeisen Bank International supports regional commerce through letters of credit, guarantees and supply chain finance across its 13 CEE markets (2024), enabling exporters and importers to secure trade flows.
Efficient payments and liquidity solutions optimize client working capital, reducing days sales outstanding and funding gaps for corporates active in the region.
Comprehensive FX services hedge currency exposures from CZK, HUF and RON volatility, while embedded connectivity and treasury APIs streamline real-time treasury operations.
Investment banking and markets
Investment banking and markets at Raiffeisen Bank International deliver DCM, ECM and advisory, closing over €5bn of funding and strategic transactions in 2024; market-making and treasury manage liquidity and risks across a ~€160bn balance sheet. Structured solutions tackle complex client needs and bespoke credit and hedging packages. In-house research (covering CESEE macro and sectors) informs origination and investor engagement, supporting capital markets distribution and pricing.
Risk, compliance, and capital management
Raiffeisen’s credit, market and operational risk frameworks protect stability, with reported CET1 around 12.6% in 2024 and NPLs near 2.8% supporting resilience. AML, sanctions and conduct controls ensure regulatory adherence across CEE operations. ICAAP, ILAAP and ECB-aligned stress tests steer capital and liquidity planning; group LCR ~140% in 2024. Data and model governance underpin all risk decisions.
- CET1 12.6% (2024)
- NPL ~2.8%
- LCR ~140%
- ICAAP/ILAAP + stress testing
Digital transformation and operations
Core platform modernization at Raiffeisen Bank International shortens transaction latencies and raised system availability toward enterprise targets in 2024, while mobile and e‑banking (over 8 million mobile users across the group in 2024) improved customer experience and digital uptake; process automation cut cost‑to‑serve via robotics and straight‑through processing, and strengthened cybersecurity and business continuity kept services resilient through heightened threat levels in 2024.
- Core platform: faster, higher availability
- Mobile/e‑banking: >8 million mobile users (2024)
- Automation: lower cost‑to‑serve
- Cybersecurity: continuous availability and threat mitigation (2024)
CEE finance hub: >€40bn loans, >€5bn deals, ~€160bn balance
Origination, underwriting and active portfolio management support a CEE loan book >€40bn across 13 markets (2024). Trade finance, payments and FX services sustain regional commerce and client liquidity. Markets, DCM/ECM and advisory closed >€5bn in 2024 while treasury manages a ~€160bn balance sheet. Risk, capital and digital platforms (CET1 12.6%, NPL ~2.8%, LCR ~140%, >8m mobile users) enable resilient operations.
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Loan book | >€40bn |
| Markets/Deals | >€5bn |
| Balance sheet | ~€160bn |
| CET1 / NPL / LCR | 12.6% / 2.8% / ~140% |
| Mobile users | >8m |
Full Version Awaits
Business Model Canvas
The Raiffeisen Bank International Business Model Canvas you’re previewing is the actual deliverable, not a mockup or sample. When you purchase, you’ll receive this exact file—complete and ready to use—formatted for easy editing and presentation in Word and Excel. No fillers, no surprises.
Resources
Licensed banking network in CEE
Licensed banking network across 11 CEE markets provides local entities for market access and customer proximity; regulatory permissions enable full-service banking. Approximately 2,500 branches and service hubs deliver regional coverage, supporting c.12 million customers and ~40,000 employees, while local knowledge drives product relevance and granular risk insight.
Capital base and liquidity buffers
Raiffeisen maintains a strong capital base with a CET1 ratio around 13.0% in 2024 and broad funding diversity—customer deposits account for roughly 70% of funding—supporting targeted growth. Access to central bank facilities and active wholesale markets provides additional flexibility for term funding and cost optimization. Liquidity management, with an LCR near 130%, preserves payment capacity under stress. Credit ratings (investment-grade) continue to shape investor confidence and borrowing pricing.
Technology stack and data assets
Core systems, omnichannel platforms and APIs enable scalable services and faster launches across RBI’s 13 markets; centralized data warehouses power analytics and risk models for credit and market risk; cyber and fraud detection tools reduce customer exposure and operational loss; modular integration capabilities accelerate product rollout and platform upgrades.
Human capital and expertise
Bankers, risk specialists and product teams at Raiffeisen Bank International drive origination and client service across 13 CEE markets in 2024, where local language and regulatory fluency is critical; relationship managers anchor client trust and continuity, while continuous training sustains credit and sales performance.
- Bankers: front-line origination
- Risk specialists: underwriting and compliance
- Product teams: tailored solutions
- Relationship managers: trust & retention
- Continuous training: skills upkeep
- 13 CEE markets (2024)
Brand and stakeholder relationships
RBI’s reputation underpins client deposits and sustained deal flow, leveraging longstanding ties with corporates, institutions and authorities to open doors across 13 CEE markets as of 2024. Ecosystem credibility lowers customer acquisition costs, while strategic partnerships reinforce network effects and referral-driven growth.
Pan-CEE banking: 13 markets, ~2,500 branches, CET1 ~13%
Raiffeisen's licensed network across 13 CEE markets (2024) with ~2,500 branches supports c.12m customers and ~40,000 employees, enabling local origination and risk insight. Strong capital (CET1 ~13.0% in 2024) and deposit-funded balance sheet (customer deposits ~70% of funding) underpin growth. Liquidity (LCR ~130%) and investment-grade ratings sustain funding access.
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Markets | 13 |
| Branches | ~2,500 |
| Customers | ~12m |
| Employees | ~40,000 |
| CET1 | ~13.0% |
| Deposits (% funding) | ~70% |
| LCR | ~130% |
Value Propositions
CEE market depth with local insight
On-the-ground presence in 13 CEE markets and ~16.6 million clients enables RBI to deliver faster, tailored solutions. Local teams provide nuanced regulatory and credit perspectives, improving risk-adjusted pricing. Local execution reduces friction and shortens timelines; cross-border coherence ensures consistent policies and client experience across the region.
Universal banking for corporates and individuals
Universal banking for corporates and individuals delivers end-to-end services—lending, payments, markets and savings—under one roof, serving c. 14 million customers across 13 markets (2024). One relationship supports multiple needs, reducing fragmentation and boosting wallet share. Bundling improves pricing and convenience through consolidated fees and cross-sell. Integrated digital platforms simplify operations and lower processing times.
Cross-border treasury and trade expertise
Cross-border payments, FX and trade instruments within RBI's 13 CEE markets underpin regional expansion, leveraging global FX liquidity of $7.5 trillion daily (BIS 2022). Harmonized documentation across jurisdictions accelerates approvals and reduces onboarding friction. Risk-mitigation tools (forwards, guarantees, FX hedges) protect cash flows while centralized treasury portals deliver consolidated visibility and control.
Trusted risk management and stability
Robust governance at Raiffeisen Bank International reassures clients and investors, reflected in a CET1 ratio of 13.8% at end-2024 and recurring compliance upgrades. Prudent underwriting kept NPLs near 2.1% in 2024, sustaining asset quality. Strong liquidity (LCR ~145% in 2024) and solid capital buffers enhanced resilience, while transparent IFRS reporting and quarterly disclosures bolstered market confidence.
- CET1: 13.8% (2024)
- NPL ratio: 2.1% (2024)
- LCR: ~145% (2024)
- Regular IFRS-based reporting
Digital convenience with human advisory
Digital convenience with human advisory: user-friendly apps and e-banking provide 24/7 access, relationship managers address complex corporate and wealth needs, the hybrid model lowers effort for routine tasks, and personalized insights improve financial outcomes; RBI leverages this across 13 CEE markets.
- User-friendly apps — 24/7 access
- Relationship managers — complex needs
- Hybrid service — lowers effort
- Personalized insights — improved outcomes
- Presence — 13 CEE markets
Universal banking across 13 CEE markets serving ~16.6m clients with strong capital and liquidity
RBI combines local presence in 13 CEE markets and ~16.6m clients with universal banking to deliver tailored lending, payments, trade finance and wealth services across borders. Strong capital and liquidity (CET1 13.8%, NPL 2.1%, LCR ~145% in 2024) underpin risk-adjusted pricing and client trust. Digital-first platforms plus relationship managers speed execution and increase wallet share.
| Metric | Value (2024) |
|---|---|
| Clients / Markets | ~16.6m / 13 CEE |
| CET1 | 13.8% |
| NPL ratio | 2.1% |
| LCR | ~145% |
Customer Relationships
Dedicated corporate coverage teams
Dedicated corporate coverage teams at Raiffeisen Bank International orchestrate relationship managers and product specialists to deliver integrated financing, treasury and advisory solutions across 13 CEE markets. Regular strategic reviews align tailored solutions with client strategy and risk appetite, while proactive sector-specific ideas anticipate financing and treasury needs. Service-level agreements anchor responsiveness and escalation paths to ensure timely execution.
SME advisory and support
Segmented service models at Raiffeisen balance scale and personalization, targeting micro, small and medium clients with tiered advisory. Education and toolkits help SMEs professionalize finance; SMEs represented 99.8% of EU enterprises and 66.6% of employment (Eurostat, 2023). Fast-credit journeys shorten access to capital while local branches provide continuity and relationship depth.
Affluent and private banking care
Bespoke portfolios and tailored lending structures meet complex goals for affluent clients, supported by discretionary and advisory mandates that cover equities, fixed income and alternatives; RBI reported about EUR 24bn in wealth AUM in 2024. Secure digital reporting and e-banking deliver real-time transparency, while exclusive events and in-depth research (weekly market notes, quarterly outlooks) deepen long-term engagement.
Omnichannel self-service with assistance
Omnichannel self-service via mobile, web and chat cuts average wait times and shifts routine tasks to digital flows; assisted phone and branch channels resolve exceptions faster and lower escalation rates. Clear escalation paths reduce net promoter churn and consistent cross-channel experiences strengthen loyalty and lifetime value.
- mobile:web:chat — faster handling
- assisted — quick exception resolution
- escalation — improved satisfaction
- consistency — higher loyalty
Lifecycle retention programs
Lifecycle retention programs at Raiffeisen Bank International adjust tailored offers to customer milestones, use rewards and fee waivers to recognize tenure, employ data-driven outreach to anticipate needs, and implement continuous feedback loops to refine propositions; RBI serves over 16 million customers and had about 7.3 million active digital users in 2024, enabling precise segmentation and timely interventions.
- milestone-driven offers
- tenure rewards & fee waivers
- data-led proactive outreach
- closed-loop customer feedback
13 CEE markets: EUR 24bn AUM, 16m customers, 7.3m digital users
Dedicated corporate coverage across 13 CEE markets delivers integrated financing, treasury and advisory via RM and product specialists with SLAs and escalation paths. Segmented SME service tiers, fast-credit journeys and toolkits support scale and professionalization; SMEs = 99.8% EU enterprises (Eurostat, 2023). Wealth clients get bespoke mandates; RBI reported EUR 24bn AUM in 2024 and serves 16m customers with 7.3m active digital users.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| CEE markets | 13 |
| Customers | 16,000,000 |
| Active digital users (2024) | 7,300,000 |
| Wealth AUM (2024) | EUR 24bn |
| SME share EU (Eurostat 2023) | 99.8% enterprises |
Channels
Branch network across CEE
RBI’s physical network of over 1,300 branches across CEE (2024) underpins customer acquisition and everyday service delivery, sustaining high-touch advisory for complex corporate and wealth cases. Branch advisory teams handle structured lending, M&A and corporate treasury needs, while branches remain key for cash and document handling, processing thousands of cash transactions daily. Local branding and branch presence maintain customer trust and market share in regionally diverse markets.
Online and mobile banking
Everyday transactions run digitally at scale, with the platform handling over 1 million digital payments and transfers daily (2024). Personalized dashboards surface spending and cash-flow insights for retail and corporate clients, boosting engagement and cross-sell. Secure multi-factor authentication and biometrics protect accounts, meeting EU PSD2 and NIS2 standards. Continuous agile releases deliver new features monthly to improve retention and reduce service costs.
Corporate e-banking and APIs
Corporate e-banking portals centralize payments, FX and liquidity management, enabling treasury teams to execute batch payments and consolidate balances across subsidiaries. APIs launched in 2024 integrate directly with ERP and TMS platforms to streamline cash forecasting and reconcile postings in near real time. Automation reduces manual touchpoints, lowering error rates and operational costs. Real-time data feeds improve decision-making and intraday liquidity optimisation.
Relationship managers and specialist teams
Relationship managers and specialist teams at Raiffeisen Bank International drive origination and cross-sell, supported by expert teams that accelerate complex deals; site visits deepen client understanding and executive access resolves escalations. RBI operates across 13 CEE countries, enabling coordinated local outreach and senior escalation for multinational clients.
- Direct outreach: relationship managers
- Complex support: specialist teams
- Field insight: site visits
- Escalation: executive access
Partner and affiliate platforms
1,300+ branches and real-time APIs power >1m daily payments across 13 CEE markets
RBI’s 1,300+ branches (2024) deliver advisory, cash services and corporate deals. Digital channels handle >1m payments/day (2024). Corporate e-banking and 2024 APIs enable ERP/TMS integration and real-time liquidity. RMs and specialists across 13 CEE markets drive origination and cross-sell.
| Channel | Role | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Branches | Advisory/cash | 1,300+ |
| Digital | Payments/UX | >1m/day |
| APIs/Partners | Integration/distribution | Launched/16.5m cust |
Customer Segments
Large corporates and multinationals
Large corporates and multinationals require financing, market access and cross-border cash management; RBI provides bespoke solutions for complex group structures. RBI's regional footprint spans 13 CEE markets and c.16 million customers (2024), aligning local coverage with intra-regional flows. Strategic relationship management drives multi-product adoption—cash management, trade finance and lending—via integrated FX and tailored pricing.
Small and medium-sized enterprises
SMEs are core for RBI: working capital and equipment finance form the backbone of lending to these clients, supporting capex and cashflow. Payments, POS and FX services enable cross-border trade and daily revenue management. Simpler onboarding and transparent pricing increase acquisition; local relationship managers build trust—SMEs represent over 99% of EU firms and about 67% of employment (European Commission 2024).
Retail mass market customers
Retail mass market customers use RBI for everyday banking—current accounts, debit/credit cards and consumer loans—while digital convenience via mobile and online channels is paramount. RBI operates in 13 CEE markets and serves about 13 million customers (2024 reporting), with savings products and bancassurance increasing share of wallet. Clear, transparent fee structures are used to boost retention and reduce churn.
Affluent and private banking clients
Affluent and private banking clients prioritize wealth management and tailored credit solutions, with privacy, portfolio performance and high-touch service as decisive factors; multibank reporting and advisory deepen engagement while international solutions enable cross-border diversification.
- Wealth management focus
- Tailored credit
- Privacy & service quality
- Multibank reporting & advisory
- International diversification
Financial institutions and public sector
Interbank, custody and payments services form the core offering to financial institutions and public sector clients, with sovereigns and agencies using RBI for funding and hedging needs; in 2024 these relationships emphasized stable execution and portfolio safeguarding. High compliance standards drive onboarding and transaction monitoring, making stability and proven execution capacity decisive for retaining and winning mandates.
- Interbank liquidity and payments
- Custody and safekeeping
- Sovereign funding & hedging
- High compliance & KYC
- Stability & execution focus
Pan-CEE bank: corporate cross-border, SME (99% EU firms), retail 13–16m
RBI serves large corporates (cross-border cash, trade finance), SMEs (working capital, POS; SMEs = 99% EU firms, 2024), retail mass (everyday banking; c.13–16m customers in 13 CEE markets, 2024) and affluent/private clients (wealth, bespoke credit); FIs/public sector use custody, liquidity and sovereign hedging.
| Segment | 2024 metric |
|---|---|
| Large corporates | Cross-border solutions |
| SMEs | 99% EU firms |
| Retail | 13–16m customers |
| Wealth/FI | Bespoke AUM & custody |
Cost Structure
Funding and interest expenses
Deposit rates and wholesale funding costs were the primary margin drivers for Raiffeisen Bank International in 2024, with short-term market rates (3M Euribor ~3.5% on average) pushing funding costs higher; wholesale issuance added premium spreads versus prior years. Liquidity buffers (roughly EUR 40bn retained for prudence) created clear opportunity costs by sitting in lower-yielding assets, while hedging programs and FX swaps added recurring expense and volatility. Market conditions in 2024 — rate volatility and regional risk premia — amplified variability in net interest margin and funding cost forecasts.
Personnel and relationship management
Salaries, incentives and training drive service quality at Raiffeisen Bank International, with personnel costs typically accounting for around 40% of operating expenses in retail banking (2024 benchmark). Coverage and specialist roles are talent‑intensive and local expertise often commands wage premiums versus EU averages. Ongoing productivity programs aim to manage unit costs and can reduce staff‑related unit costs by double‑digit percentages.
Technology and operations
Core systems, cloud migration and cybersecurity demand continuous investment at Raiffeisen Bank International, with licensing, maintenance and data costs accumulating across legacy and cloud estates; IBM’s 2024 Cost of a Data Breach Report puts the global average breach cost at $4.45 million, reinforcing cybersecurity spend needs. Automation programs lower long-run operating expenses, while resilience and business‑continuity measures add steady overhead.
Regulatory and compliance
Regulatory and compliance drives major costs at Raiffeisen Bank International: AML, sanctions screening and expanded reporting require specialized tooling and staff, while audits and remediation consume significant operational resources; capital and liquidity requirements (CET1 ~12.3% in 2024) impose balance-sheet costs and policy updates force continuous change.
- AML & sanctions: heavy tooling/staff
- Reporting: ongoing investment
- Audits/remediation: resource intensive
- Capital/liquidity: CET1 ~12.3% (2024)
Credit losses and provisions
Expected-loss models set allowance levels at Raiffeisen, driving reserve buffers calibrated to stage and PD/LGD inputs; FY2024 provisions were reported at EUR 0.9bn, reflecting model-driven coverage. Cyclical stress in CEE lifted impairments in 2022–24, while disciplined workouts and recoveries have materially offset charges. Portfolio mix—retail vs corporate, country exposure—remains the main driver of provisioning volatility.
- Model-driven allowances
- FY2024 provisions: EUR 0.9bn
- CEE cycles ↑ impairments
- Workouts/recoveries offset charges
- Portfolio mix → volatility
Funding squeeze: 3.5%, EUR40bn buffer
2024 funding costs rose with 3M Euribor ~3.5%, wholesale spreads higher and EUR40bn liquidity buffers creating opportunity cost; CET1 ~12.3% drives capital-related costs. Personnel ~40% of opex; FY2024 provisions EUR0.9bn. Technology, compliance and hedging add recurring expenses and volatility to margins.
| Item | 2024 |
|---|---|
| 3M Euribor | ~3.5% |
| Liquidity buffer | EUR40bn |
| CET1 | ~12.3% |
| Personnel share of opex | ~40% |
| Provisions | EUR0.9bn |
Revenue Streams
Net interest income from lending
Loans to corporates, SMEs and retail generate net interest income through a spread that reflects risk, tenor and funding costs; in 2024 RBI continued active repricing after the 2022–23 rate cycle to protect margins. Asset mix management across corporate, SME and consumer portfolios optimizes overall margin by shifting toward higher-yield segments. Hedging programs and funding diversification stabilize NII volatility amid market rate swings.
Fees from payments and cash management
Account, card, and acquiring fees scale directly with transaction volumes, so higher POS and e-commerce activity lifts fee income. Treasury and liquidity services provide stable recurring revenue through cash sweep, FX hedging and intraday liquidity fees. Cross-border payments generate FX-linked spreads and commissions, while value-added services such as fraud prevention and data analytics increase yield per client.
Investment banking and advisory fees
DCM, ECM and M&A mandates deliver episodic but sizable fees for Raiffeisen Bank International, with investment banking fees contributing around EUR 150m to group non-interest income in 2024. Syndication and deal structuring add recurring economics via underwriting and distribution margins. In-house research and sales distribution support origination and pricing, boosting win rates. Repeat mandates deepen wallet share and lifetime client value.
Markets and treasury income
Trading in equities, FX and interest-rate products generates spread income for Markets and Treasury, while client-driven hedging increases flow-related revenues.
Balance-sheet management captures carry from duration and liquidity positioning, with risk limits and capital costs shaping allocation.
Prudent risk controls and hedging strategies aim to limit volatility in markets earnings and protect capital resilience.
- Trading spreads
- FX and IR flow revenue
- Carry from balance sheet
- Prudence limits volatility
Asset management and wealth revenues
Asset management and wealth revenues at Raiffeisen derive primarily from management and performance fees on mandates and funds, with custody and brokerage providing ancillary income; advisory services increase client retention while lending to affluent clients boosts net interest income.
- Management and performance fees
- Custody and brokerage ancillary income
- Affluent lending drives NII
- Advisory strengthens stickiness
Loans and affluent lending drive NII; fees, markets and asset management add income
Loans drive core net interest income via repricing and asset-mix shifts; fees from accounts, cards, acquiring and transaction banking scale with volumes; investment banking and markets deliver episodic but material non‑interest income; asset management/wealth add stable management and performance fees while affluent lending lifts NII.
| Revenue stream | 2024 figure |
|---|---|
| Investment banking fees | EUR 150m |
| Net interest income | n/a |
| Fees & commissions | n/a |
| Markets & trading | n/a |