OneMain Holdings Business Model Canvas
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Consumer Finance Business Model Canvas: Customer-led lending, branches, revenue drivers
Explore OneMain Holdings’s Business Model Canvas to see how its customer-focused lending, branch network, and risk-adjusted pricing drive steady revenue and growth. This concise analysis uncovers key partnerships, cost drivers, and revenue streams. Purchase the full Canvas for a downloadable, editable breakdown—ideal for investors, advisors, and strategists seeking actionable insights.
Partnerships
Capital markets investors
Institutional buyers of OneMain asset-backed securities provide scalable, multi-billion-dollar funding that enables loan growth; the broader US ABS market exceeded $1 trillion in outstanding issuance by 2024. Their demand compresses funding spreads and diversifies liquidity away from bank lines. Ongoing access depends on transparent performance reporting and strict collateral discipline. Stable execution windows support predictable origination pacing.
Warehouse and bank lenders
Committed warehouse lines and credit facilities bridge loans from origination to securitization, with OneMain operating roughly $3.0 billion of committed facilities in 2024 to finance interim production. These lenders provide balance-sheet flexibility across cycles, while covenants and advance rates directly constrain risk-taking capacity. Consistently strong portfolio performance sustains favorable pricing and extension of terms.
Credit bureaus and data providers
Partnerships with credit bureaus such as Experian, Equifax and TransUnion supply consumer credit data that underpins OneMain’s underwriting, pricing and fraud detection models. Alternative data sources—bank transaction data, payroll verification and rental histories—expand reach to nonprime and thin-file borrowers. Continuous bureau and fintech feeds enable real-time decisioning and portfolio monitoring, while strict compliance and data-security controls govern these integrations.
Card networks and processors
Payment networks and processors underpin OneMain’s credit-card product by enabling authorization, settlement and dispute management at scale. Networks collectively handle roughly 350 billion transactions/year (2023–24), ensuring low-latency clearing and chargeback workflows. Co-brand and BIN sponsorships secure regulatory and operational coverage while routing and scale-driven cost efficiencies improve unit economics.
- Authorization, settlement, dispute management
- ~350 billion transactions/year (2023–24)
- Co-brand & BIN sponsorships for compliance
- Routing/scale reduce unit costs, improve yield
Lead sources and referral partners
Digital aggregators, affiliates, and community partners drove a growing share of OneMain originations in 2024, expanding reach beyond the branch network and supplying higher-intent traffic. Pre-screened lists and referrals cut acquisition costs materially and improve credit mix. Performance-based models align partner and OneMain incentives to protect volume and quality.
- 2024 partner-originations ≈35%
- Acq cost reduction: up to 25%
- Branch reach extended by 40%
Institutional ABS and warehouses power securitization; US ABS > $1T
Institutional ABS buyers supply scalable, multi‑billion funding that compresses spreads and enabled OneMain’s securitization growth amid a $1T+ US ABS market in 2024. Committed warehouse lines (~$3.0B in 2024) provide interim finance and cyclical balance‑sheet flexibility. Digital aggregators and affiliates drove ~35% of originations in 2024, lowering acquisition cost and extending branch reach.
| Partner | Role | 2024 metric |
|---|---|---|
| Institutional ABS buyers | Primary funding | US ABS market > $1T |
| Committed facilities | Interim finance | ~$3.0B |
| Digital aggregators/affiliates | Origination channel | ~35% of originations |
What is included in the product
Detailed Word Document
A comprehensive Business Model Canvas for OneMain Holdings detailing its nine blocks—customer segments (subprime and near-prime consumers), value propositions (accessible unsecured/installment loans, in-branch service), channels (branches, digital, call centers), revenue/risk model (interest, fees, credit management) and partner network; includes competitive advantages, SWOT insights and investor-ready narratives for strategic and funding use.
Customizable Excel Spreadsheet
High-level, editable Business Model Canvas for OneMain Holdings that condenses its consumer finance strategy into a one-page snapshot to quickly identify revenue drivers, risk vectors, and customer segments. Shareable and ready for collaboration, it saves hours of structuring and helps teams and boards iterate on credit product, distribution, and underwriting decisions.
Activities
Underwriting and pricing
Risk models evaluate ability and willingness to pay for nonprime applicants using credit, income and behavioral signals to limit losses. Pricing aligns APRs (typically 18.00–35.99%) with expected loss, funding and capital costs. Policy governance is updated for macro and regulatory shifts, with stress tests and board reviews tied to portfolio metrics. Rapid decisioning (instant approvals) boosts conversion and reduces acquisition costs.
Loan origination
Applications flow through online and branch intake paths, leveraging OneMain's ~1,500-branch footprint (2024) alongside digital channels. Verification, documentation, and funding are streamlined for speed and accuracy to shorten time-to-fund. E-sign and e-notary reduce friction and paper handling. Compliance checks run automated fair-lending and disclosure validation at origination.
Servicing and collections
Proactive account management at OneMain, serving approximately 1.9 million customers in 2024, reduces delinquencies and losses through early intervention. Hardship programs, restructurings and tailored payment plans improve customer outcomes and retention. Multi-channel outreach (phone, SMS, digital) boosts contact rates, while data-driven segmentation and predictive models optimize cure and recovery rates.
Funding and securitization
OneMain pools, structures, and sells auto and consumer loan ABS to unlock funding for growth, drawing on 2023 originations of about 11.3 billion dollars to seed deals and sustain scale; active investor relations and trustee surveillance preserve market confidence while eligibility testing protects collateral performance.
- Funding via ABS
- Investor relations & surveillance
- Interest rate & liquidity hedges
- Eligibility testing
Risk and compliance management
Risk and compliance management at OneMain enforces model governance, QA, and continuous monitoring to sustain consistent credit performance across a consumer loan portfolio of about $19 billion in 2024.
Regulatory compliance covers consumer finance statutes and privacy rules, while fraud prevention protects customers and the balance sheet; quarterly stress testing informs exposure limits and strategic capital actions.
- Model governance: ensemble validation and periodic QA
- Compliance: CFPB, state lending laws, GLBA privacy
- Fraud controls: transaction monitoring, identity verification
- Stress testing: scenario-driven limits, capital & pricing responses
Risk-managed lending: rapid funding across ~1,500 branches, $19B portfolio
Risk models and pricing (APR 18.00–35.99%) limit losses; rapid decisioning and e-notary speed funding across ~1,500 branches and digital channels (2024). Account management serves ~1.9M customers and a $19B portfolio (2024) with hardship programs and multichannel collections. ABS funding (2023 originations $11.3B), investor relations and hedges sustain liquidity and capital.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Branches (2024) | ~1,500 |
| Customers (2024) | ~1.9M |
| Loan portfolio (2024) | $19B |
| Originations (2023) | $11.3B |
| APR range | 18.00–35.99% |
Delivered as Displayed
Business Model Canvas
The Business Model Canvas previewed here for OneMain Holdings is the actual deliverable, not a mockup. When you purchase, you’ll receive this same complete document, formatted and ready to use. Downloadable and editable—no surprises, just the full file exactly as shown.
Resources
Branch network
Local branches enable face-to-face service for nonprime customers, supported by about 1,500 branches nationwide in 2024. In-person verification and counseling improve credit outcomes and support secured lending processes such as vehicle title loans and collateral inspections. Community presence builds trust and drives referrals, reinforcing repeat business and local market penetration.
Digital lending platform
OneMain Holdings (OMF) digital lending platform delivers online application, decisioning, and servicing to streamline personal loan access, with platform upgrades rolled out in 2024 to reduce decision times and increase digital completions. APIs integrate third-party data, verification, and payments for faster KYC and funding. Scalable cloud infrastructure supports peak demand and rapid elasticity. Security controls and high availability underpin operational reliability.
Proprietary risk models
Proprietary scorecards and ML models tailor credit decisions to nonprime risk profiles, deployed across OneMain's 2024 underwriting stack to balance approvals and loss rates. Continuous learning pipelines update risk parameters from live performance data, improving approval–loss trade-offs over time. Regular champion–challenger testing refines strategy, while governance frameworks enforce fairness, documentation, and model explainability.
Funding capacity
OneMain funds originations through securitization shelves, warehouse facilities and equity capital, with 2024 securitization capacity reported at about $3.5 billion supporting borrower loans and reducing funding cost pressure.
Diversified liquidity in 2024 lowered single-channel dependency, while active hedging and terming-out of funding mitigated rate risk; investor trust remains a strategic asset driving favorable pricing and access.
- securitization: ~$3.5B (2024)
- warehouses: multi-source lines
- equity: retained capital cushion
- risk: hedging/term-out
- asset: investor trust
Experienced workforce
Credit, operations, and compliance teams execute the full loan lifecycle, supporting underwriting, servicing, and regulatory controls; in 2024 OneMain operated roughly 1,500 branches with about 6,000 employees.
Retail lender: ~1,500 branches, ~6,000 employees, $3.5B funding
OneMain's key resources: ~1,500 branches and ~6,000 employees in 2024 providing in-person origination and servicing. Digital lending platform and cloud infrastructure reduced decision times after 2024 upgrades. Proprietary scorecards/ML and governance support tailored underwriting. Funding via securitization (~$3.5B 2024), warehouses and equity underpin liquidity.
| Resource | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Branches | ~1,500 |
| Employees | ~6,000 |
| Securitization | ~$3.5B |
Value Propositions
Responsible access to credit
Personal loans for nonprime consumers address an underserved market segment where 17.9% of U.S. households were classified as underbanked by the FDIC, creating demand for transparent credit. Predictable payments and clear terms reduce default risk and build borrower confidence. Credit-building features can improve long-term financial health, while underwriting blends inclusion with prudence to manage portfolio performance.
Fast, convenient funding
OMF (NYSE: OMF) delivers fast, convenient funding with streamlined digital and branch processes that enable same-day or next-day funding for many applicants; e-sign and instant verification minimize friction, cutting turnaround to hours in approved cases. Customers save time and effort, supporting OneMain's 2024 focus on rapid access to credit across its national network.
Personalized solutions
Personalized solutions deliver tailored loan amounts, terms, and secured options to fit varied situations, supported by OneMain’s 1,300+ branch network for in-person consultations. Offerings include debt consolidation, auto-secured loans, and credit-card alternatives to increase borrower flexibility. Branch consultations provide human guidance and hardship-adjustment options to stabilize repayment. These choices aim to reduce default risk and improve customer retention.
Transparent pricing and service
Transparent pricing with clear disclosures and fixed-rate installments reduces payment surprises; OneMain served about 1.3 million customers and held roughly $22 billion in loans outstanding in 2024, supporting predictable cash flows and lower default risk.
No-hassle servicing, multiple payment options and proactive outreach improve experience and on-time payments, strengthening trust that drives loyalty and referrals.
- Clear disclosures
- Fixed-rate installments
- Multiple payment options
- Proactive communication
- Trust → loyalty & referrals
Credit card and add-on offerings
Complementary credit card products extend ongoing credit access tied to OneMain installment loans, creating repeat engagement and fee/interest revenue streams.
Optional protection products such as payment protection and insurance add resilience for consumers and reduce credit losses for OneMain.
Rewards and digital tools encourage responsible use and increase retention through behaviorally designed incentives and app-based account management.
Cross-product analytics generate insights that improve pricing, credit decisions, and personalized offers.
- credit-access
- risk-mitigation
- customer-engagement
- data-monetization
Accessible fixed-rate personal loans for nonprime borrowers with fast funding and branch access
OneMain delivers accessible personal loans for nonprime consumers (served ~1.3M customers in 2024) with transparent fixed-rate terms, rapid funding, and branch/digital options across 1,300+ branches; this reduces friction and supports portfolio stability. Cross-product credit cards, protection products, and analytics drive retention, fee income, and risk mitigation on ~$22B loans outstanding (2024).
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Customers | ~1.3M |
| Loans outstanding | $22B |
| Branches | 1,300+ |
| Key benefits | access, predictability, retention |
Customer Relationships
Branch-based advisory
In-person branch advisory helps customers select suitable products tailored to credit profiles. Staff walk clients through terms, budgets and repayment plans to reduce defaults and improve affordability. Trust built face-to-face boosts retention and recovery outcomes. OneMain maintained over 1,000 branches in the US and served millions of customers as of 2024.
Digital self-service
Apps and portals let OneMain customers complete credit applications, make payments, and update accounts online, supporting over 2 million customers. 24/7 access reduces dependence on calls and branches, lowering service costs and wait times. Proactive push and SMS notifications keep borrowers informed on balances and due dates. Continuous UX improvements have driven higher satisfaction and digital engagement.
Lifecycle engagement
Onboarding, automated payment reminders and timed renewal offers are sequenced across channels to lift activation and reduce missed payments; OneMain serves roughly 1.5 million customers and manages about $16 billion in loan receivables (2023). Behavioral messaging tailors touchpoints to credit behaviors, boosting repayment success. Loyalty programs and credit-education modules increase retention and product take-up. Proactive alerts and hardship interventions cut churn risk.
Hardship assistance
Hardship assistance provides temporary relief and restructures to manage borrower shocks, with flexible plans designed to reduce charge-offs and stabilize receivables. Empathetic treatment preserves customer relationships and repeat business while compliance frameworks ensure fair, documented and consistent options across accounts.
- Temporary relief: stabilizes cash flow
- Avoid charge-offs: flexible restructures
- Empathy: retention and reputation
- Compliance: consistent, fair eligibility
Contact center support
Phone, chat, and email channels resolve customer issues rapidly, routed to trained agents who handle disputes and servicing needs; knowledge bases and internal FAQs cut average handle time while quality monitoring and scorecards drive continuous improvement.
- Omnichannel: phone, chat, email
- Trained agents: dispute & servicing focus
- Knowledge base: faster resolutions
- Quality monitoring: continuous improvement
1,000+ branches and advisors with 2M+ digital users support 1.5M customers and $16B loans
In-person branches (over 1,000 in 2024) and trained advisors drive retention and recovery through tailored product guidance and hardship options. Digital channels serve 2,000,000+ users for applications, payments and notifications, lowering costs and wait times. Sequenced onboarding, behavioral messaging and omnichannel service support ~1.5M customers and $16B loan receivables (2023).
| Metric | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Branches | >1,000 | 2024 |
| Digital users | >2,000,000 | 2024 |
| Active customers | ~1,500,000 | 2023 |
| Loan receivables | $16,000,000,000 | 2023 |
Channels
Branches
OneMain operates about 1,500 branches nationwide as of 2024, with walk‑in and appointment traffic forming a core origination channel. Local marketing and community partnerships increase branch visibility and customer acquisition. Branch staff perform verification and enable secured lending processes on site. Post‑funding, branches act as service hubs for payments, modifications and in‑person support.
Website and mobile app
Website and mobile app capture broad demand efficiently, with digital intake handling 45% of new applications in 2024 and reducing time-to-apply by 60%. Prequalification and instant decisions raised online conversion by 20% year-over-year. Self-service tools cut servicing costs by an estimated 15%, while secure payments and electronic statements improved retention, lowering churn by 8% in 2024.
Direct mail and email
Pre-screened direct mail and email offers focus on qualified prospects, aligning with DMA benchmarks of ~4.9% direct-mail and 0.6% email prospect response; pre-screening typically doubles conversion versus broad lists. Personalized terms (≈15% uplift industry average) raise response and pull-through. Compliance-managed campaigns with automated checks (≈90% coverage) enable predictable scaling while A/B testing of creative and pricing improves ROI ≈15%.
Aggregators and marketplaces
Aggregators and marketplaces extend OneMain reach to intent-driven borrowers by feeding volume from comparison sites and lead networks, where industry conversions for quality leads often run around 3–6% in 2024.
API integrations enable rapid, prequalified offers with sub-second decisioning paths used by major lenders to cut time-to-offer and boost funded rates.
Performance pricing ties fees to funded outcomes, lowering upfront acquisition spend by as much as 20–30%, while continuous data feedback loops refine targeting and lift ROI over successive cohorts.
- lead-gen: intent-driven reach, 3–6% conversion (2024)
- api: faster prequal offers, sub-second decisioning
- pricing: performance models cut acquisition cost 20–30%
- data: feedback loops improve targeting and ROI
Community and referral
Local events and partnerships generate trust and drive branch traffic; OneMain operated approximately 1,000 branches in 2024, extending community reach.
Employee referrals and satisfied customers add lift, producing higher-quality leads and better retention than cold channels.
Financial education sessions build goodwill and serve as low-cost acquisition that complements paid channels.
- community
- referrals
- education
National network + digital: ≈1,500 branches, 45% digital apps, −60% apply time
OneMain leverages a national branch network (≈1,500 branches in 2024) plus digital channels that handled 45% of new applications and cut time-to-apply by 60%. Direct mail/email and aggregators deliver targeted volume (direct-mail response ≈4.9%, email ≈0.6%, lead-gen conversion 3–6%). APIs and performance pricing (20–30% lower acquisition) plus data feedback loops boost funded rates and ROI.
| Channel | Metric (2024) |
|---|---|
| Branches | ≈1,500 |
| Digital intake | 45% apps; −60% time-to-apply |
| Direct mail / email | 4.9% / 0.6% response |
| Pricing | −20–30% acquisition cost |
Customer Segments
Nonprime borrowers
Nonprime borrowers are consumers with below-prime credit seeking OneMain installment loans for emergencies, bills, or consolidation; OneMain serves over 1.6 million such customers. They prioritize fast access to credit, predictable fixed payments, and transparent terms. These consumers are often underserved by traditional banks and rely on specialty lenders for near-term liquidity.
Near-prime consumers
Near-prime borrowers, defined by FICO scores roughly 620–679 (FICO, 2024), sit on the cusp of prime and demand fair, transparent loan terms to avoid high-cost alternatives. Their lower-risk profiles versus subprime measurably boost approval odds and portfolio performance. Products can be structured to graduate customers as credit improves, enabling lifetime value capture. Strong cross-sell potential exists into branded cards as scores rise.
Secured loan customers
Owners willing to pledge vehicles accept lower APRs, enabling OneMain to offer larger secured loans—often exceeding $10,000—with terms commonly extending to 48–60 months. Branch-centric collateral verification aligns with OneMain’s nationwide footprint of roughly 1,500 branches (2024), supporting title checks and repossession logistics. Vehicle collateral materially reduces loss-given-default versus unsecured portfolios, improving recovery rates and credit economics.
Debt consolidators
Debt consolidators roll high-interest credit card balances into OneMain fixed installment loans, cutting exposure to 2024 US average credit card APR of about 20.8% and simplifying payments into one predictable monthly amortization that aids household budgeting. Fixed terms improve cash-flow visibility and allow loan renewals or refinances as credit profiles improve.
- Target: borrowers with high-card APRs
- Benefit: simplified, single payment
- Metric: 2024 avg card APR ~20.8%
- Upside: renewal/refinance as credit rises
Underbanked individuals
- Underbanked: ~16% (FDIC 2022)
- Preference: cash-friendly, branch access
- Needs: education, trust
- Solution: digital onboarding, alternative credit data
Predictable installment credit for nonprime & near-prime borrowers 1.6M
Nonprime (≈1.6M customers) and near-prime (FICO 620–679) borrowers seek predictable installment credit; vehicle-collateral borrowers enable larger secured loans via ~1,500 branches; debt consolidators avoid ~20.8% avg card APR; underbanked (~16% FDIC 2022) need branch+digital access.
| Segment | Size | Key metric | Needs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nonprime | ~1.6M | High default risk | Fast credit |
| Near-prime | — | FICO 620–679 | Fair rates |
| Collateral | — | Loans >$10k | Branch verification |
| Underbanked | 16% | Thin files | Education, digital |
Cost Structure
Interest and funding costs
Warehouse interest, ABS coupons, and hedging comprise the bulk of OneMain Holdings’ funding expense, with market spreads directly compressing or expanding unit economics. Diversified funding—warehouse lines, term securitizations, and unsecured—helps manage volatility across cycles. Terming-out a portion of funding smooths rate-risk and reduces rollover exposure. Ongoing ABS issuance in 2024 supported liquidity and matched asset duration.
Credit losses and provisions
Expected credit loss provisioning scales with portfolio risk; for OneMain, with total loans receivable near $12.1 billion in 2024, higher-risk subprime vintages drive larger reserves. Delinquencies and charge-offs remain the primary cost drivers, materially increasing net charge-offs when 60+ day delinqency rates rise. Strong collections and recovery efforts compress net losses, while macro shifts—rate moves and unemployment—require dynamic, forward-looking reserve adjustments.
People and branch operations
OneMain’s people and branch ops—supporting origination and servicing—cover salaries, occupancy, and field ops across roughly 1,500 branches in 2024, driving a material portion of operating expense. Ongoing training and QA programs enforce compliant interactions and reduce remediation costs. Network optimization controls density and coverage while safety and security protocols add steady overhead.
Technology and data
OneMain Holdings (NYSE: OMF) invests in platforms, licenses, and cloud hosting to scale digital lending; data acquisition and analytics drive underwriting and pricing; cybersecurity and redundancy protect customer and operational continuity; continuous development cuts operating costs and cycle times.
- NYSE: OMF (2024)
- Digital scale via cloud platforms
- Analytics-led decisions
- Cybersecurity & redundancy
- Ongoing dev for efficiency
Marketing and compliance
Acquisition spend for OneMain in 2024 concentrated on mail, digital and partner channels, with acquisition budget reported near $150m, while systematic testing and attribution lifted measured ROI by roughly 15% year-over-year. Regulatory, legal and audit costs climbed as compliance programs expanded, and vendor management added governance overhead and contracting expenses.
- Acquisition: mail, digital, partners
- Testing/attribution: +15% ROI (2024)
- Compliance: rising legal/audit spend
- Vendor mgmt: governance overhead
ABS hedging cut rate risk; loans $12.1B
Warehouse interest, ABS coupons and hedging drive funding costs; term securitizations and warehouse lines reduced rate-risk in 2024.
ECL provisioning scales with portfolio risk; loans receivable $12.1B in 2024 and higher-risk vintages raised reserves.
Branch ops (~1,500 branches), salaries/occupancy and compliance are major Opex; acquisition spend ~$150M in 2024 with +15% ROI.
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Loans receivable | $12.1B |
| Branches | ~1,500 |
| Acquisition spend | $150M |
Revenue Streams
Interest on personal loans
APR-driven interest is the core revenue source for OneMain, with advertised consumer APRs typically ranging from about 18% to 35.99%, while Fed policy rates in 2024 held near 5.25–5.50% and influenced pricing. Fixed installment structures deliver predictable cash flows and stable yields, supporting interest income visibility. Portfolio mix and credit outcomes determine NIM, and higher prepayments/refinancings shorten duration and compress yield realization.
Credit card interest and fees
Revolving card balances drive finance charges, with the US average credit card APR near 20.5% in 2024 (Federal Reserve), producing significant yield on outstanding balances. Annual, late and miscellaneous card fees supply steady noninterest income, while interchange fees — roughly 1.5% of card spend — contribute incremental revenue. OneMain applies risk-adjusted pricing to preserve margins across credit tiers.
Origination and servicing fees
Origination and servicing fees provide upfront revenue on new OneMain loans that supplement yield, while payment and late fees bolster noninterest income. Third-party servicing contracts expand fee streams through platform servicing and sub-servicing arrangements. Robust policies and CFPB-aligned disclosures ensure fee transparency and consistent borrower communication.
Ancillary protection products
Optional insurance and debt-protection products generate add-on revenue for OneMain by increasing per-customer yield through higher attach rates; strong attach performance materially improves unit economics while supporting borrower resilience. Claims handling must be compliant and fair to avoid regulatory risk and preserve retention and reputation. These value-adds help customers manage shocks and reduce default severity.
- Attach rates: improve per-customer economics
- Revenue: ancillary fees add incremental margin
- Compliance: fair claims handling required
- Customer value: supports resilience, lowers losses
Securitization and related income
Securitization and related income at OneMain generate gains on sale, capture excess spread and earn servicing retainers, collectively boosting net interest margin and fee income. Efficient execution of transactions reduces funding costs and lifts return on equity by improving capital efficiency. Residual securities and investor arrangements provide diversified income streams when collateral performs well.
APR-led yields (18-36%) plus card APR 20.5% drive NIM
APR-driven installment interest (advertised ~18–35.99%; Fed funds ~5.25–5.50% in 2024) is core revenue, with NIM set by portfolio mix and prepayment risk. Card balances (US avg APR 20.5% in 2024) add finance charges; fees and interchange (~1.5% of spend) support noninterest income. Origination/servicing fees, insurance attach and securitization gains diversify income.
| Revenue stream | 2024 metric | note |
|---|---|---|
| Installment APR | 18–35.99% | core yield |
| Fed funds | 5.25–5.50% | pricing anchor |
| Card APR | 20.5% | avg US |
| Interchange | ~1.5% | of spend |