Indus Towers Business Model Canvas
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Unlock the strategic blueprint behind a leading telecom tower company's business model
Unlock the full strategic blueprint behind Indus Towers' business model. This in-depth Business Model Canvas reveals how the company captures value, scales tower assets, and monetizes network services across customers and partners. Purchase the complete Word & Excel canvas for a section-by-section playbook ideal for investors, consultants, and strategists.
Partnerships
Mobile network operators
Strategic multi-year tenancy agreements with Bharti Airtel, Jio and Vodafone Idea anchor utilization and predictable cash flows across Indus Towers' network of over 180,000 sites (2024), supporting a tenancy ratio near 1.7. Joint rollout planning aligns tower deployment with spectrum and coverage goals; co-created SLAs underpin >99% uptime targets. Collaborative site swaps and relocations cut duplication and accelerate time-to-market while lowering capex 20–30% through co-location.
Equipment vendors & OEMs
Partnerships with tower, shelter, power and lithium battery OEMs secure standardized supply for Indus Towers, which in 2024 operates over 200,000 towers, while framework contracts and vendor-managed inventory streamline procurement and lower unit costs. Joint R&D pilots—scaled during 5G rollouts in 2024—improve energy efficiency and 5G readiness, and OEM warranty plus maintenance support reduces lifecycle downtime.
Energy & fuel providers
Power DISCOMs, diesel suppliers and renewable IPPs secure energy for Indus Towers' ~170,000 sites (2024), while vendor tie-ups optimize hybrid fleets (solar, DG, grid, battery) reducing diesel-run hours in pilots by ~40% (2024). Long-term PPAs and group‑captive models cut tariff volatility, delivering up to 12% lower effective energy cost in 2024, and monitoring partners helped curb pilferage and improve PUE by ~8%.
Civil, fiber, and EPC partners
Local EPCs, riggers, and fiber contractors accelerate site acquisition and rollout by providing on-ground permits, civil works, and last-mile connectivity while standardized build processes enforce compliance and safety across projects.
Backhaul partners enhance site attractiveness for tenants by ensuring high-capacity links and low-latency routes, and scalable capacity through partner networks supports peak deployment cycles without heavy capex.
- Local EPCs: faster permits and builds
- Riggers/fiber: ready last-mile connectivity
- Standards: compliance and safety
- Backhaul partners: tenant value
- Partner networks: scalable deployment
Government & regulatory bodies
Coordination with DoT, municipalities and utilities expedites permissions and RoW, supporting Indus Towers operations across India, where the company manages over 100,000 tower sites. Compliance partners ensure adherence to EMF, safety and environmental norms, while public-private initiatives like BharatNet (targeting 250,000 gram panchayats) aid rural coverage expansion. Active policy engagement drives infrastructure sharing and 5G densification for denser small-cell rollouts.
- RoW coordination
- EMF and safety compliance
- Public-private rural expansion
- Policy for sharing & 5G densification
Multi-year tenancies across 180,000+ sites; tenancy ~1.7, uptime >99%
Strategic multi-year tenancy with Bharti Airtel, Jio and Vodafone Idea anchors revenue across a network of over 180,000 sites (2024) with tenancy ~1.7 and >99% SLA uptime; OEM and EPC partnerships cut capex 20–30% and speed rollouts; hybrid energy PPAs/IPP pilots reduced diesel hours ~40% and lowered effective energy cost up to 12% (2024).
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Sites | 180,000+ |
| Tenancy | ~1.7 |
| Uptime | >99% |
| Capex saving | 20–30% |
| Diesel hrs cut | ~40% |
| Energy cost ↓ | Up to 12% |
What is included in the product
Detailed Word Document
A comprehensive, pre-written Business Model Canvas tailored to Indus Towers’ strategy, covering all nine BMC blocks—customer segments, value propositions, channels, revenue streams, key resources, activities, partners, cost structure and customer relationships—with linked competitive advantages and SWOT analysis. Ideal for presentations, investor discussions and strategic validation using real company data, designed for entrepreneurs and analysts.
Customizable Excel Spreadsheet
Condenses Indus Towers’ complex towerco model into a one-page Business Model Canvas that clarifies revenue streams, tenancy and site operations, and capital/cost drivers to relieve strategic ambiguity; editable and shareable for fast team alignment, decision-making, and investor-ready summaries.
Activities
Tower rollout & upgrades
Indus Towers advances site acquisition, permitting and build-out to expand coverage and capacity across its portfolio of over 200,000 sites, targeting urban densification and transport corridors. Structural upgrades support multi-tenancy and 5G small-cell readiness, enabling higher RAN sharing and faster site loading. Standardized rapid-deployment playbooks cut time-to-air to a few weeks, accelerating rollouts in metros and along highways.
Operations & maintenance
Operations & maintenance at Indus Towers combines 24x7 NOC monitoring with field maintenance and SLA-driven uptime management targeting 99.9% availability, delivering fault restoration with MTTR under 4 hours. Power and energy systems optimization (including battery and solar deployments) driven in 2024 reduced outage incidents by about 15%. Preventive maintenance schedules extend asset life by roughly 25%. Robust spares logistics ensure fast parts flow and rapid repairs.
Energy management
Hybridization across Indus Towers sites uses solar, advanced batteries and intelligent controllers to cut diesel dependence and OPEX; the company manages over 169,000 towers as of 2024. Grid optimization and diesel-reduction programs lower fuel spend and emissions, reducing runtime of gensets. Remote metering and analytics detect losses in near real-time, while coordinated vendor fuel-management programs protect fuel integrity and improve efficiency.
Tenancy & contract management
Pricing, contracting and renewals with MNOs and ISPs focus on volume-based tiers and multi-year SLAs to lock tenancy; as of Mar 2024 Indus Towers operated ~193,000 sites targeting tenancy uplift to ~1.8x to drive revenue per site. Co-location planning optimizes antenna layouts and power/backhaul to maximize site utilization and reduce capex per tenant. Automated usage and SLA reporting improve billing accuracy and dispute resolution, while proactive relationship management cuts churn and accelerates renewals.
Network analytics & planning
Network analytics combine geo-analytics to map demand hotspots and coverage gaps across India’s ~1.2 billion wireless subscribers (2024) with Indus Towers’ network of over 190,000 sites to prioritize upgrades and expansions. Structural and load studies enable capacity planning and safety compliance, while relocations and site rationalizations optimize portfolio efficiency. Data-driven capex allocation raises ROI and lowers per-site spend.
- geo-analytics: demand hotspots, coverage gaps
- structural/load studies: capacity & safety
- portfolio optimization: relocations, rationalizations
- capex allocation: improved ROI, lower per-site cost
Tower fleet scales 5G-ready multi-tenancy with 99.9% SLA, <4h MTTR and hybrid power cuts OPEX
Indus Towers executes site acquisition, rapid build-outs and structural upgrades to support multi-tenancy and 5G readiness across ~193,000 sites (Mar 2024), targeting tenancy uplift to ~1.8x. Operations deliver 99.9% SLA with MTTR <4h and preventive maintenance that cut outages ~15% in 2024. Power hybridization on ~169,000 towers reduces diesel use and OPEX; analytics drive capex efficiency and faster rollouts.
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Total sites operated | ~193,000 (Mar 2024) |
| Tenancy target | ~1.8x |
| Availability SLA | 99.9% |
| MTTR | <4 hours |
| Hybridized towers | ~169,000 |
| Outage reduction | ~15% (2024) |
Preview Before You Purchase
Business Model Canvas
The Indus Towers Business Model Canvas you see here is the exact, live document you’ll receive after purchase. It’s not a mockup—this preview shows the same structured, editable content and layout included in the final deliverable. Upon ordering you’ll get the complete file (Word and Excel), ready to edit, present, and apply.
Resources
Tower portfolio
Indus Towers portfolio spans macro, rooftop, IBS and emerging small-cell structures across urban and rural India, positioned near traffic corridors and population centers to capture demand from 1.16 billion wireless subscribers in India (TRAI Jan 2024). High co-location potential improves site-level economics through incremental tenancy and OPEX sharing. Long-term rights, leases and permits secure site availability and revenue visibility.
Power systems
Indus Towers powers sites via grid connections, DG sets, lithium and VRLA batteries and rooftop/ground-mounted solar arrays, plus remote controllers, smart meters and EMS platforms to optimize uptime. Battery pack costs fell to about 132 USD/kWh (BNEF 2023), improving lithium deployment economics in 2024. Standardized designs, on-site spare-parts inventory and multi-year service contracts ensure reliability, safety and faster MTTR.
Technology platforms
Technology platforms center on a 24x7 NOC and integrated OSS for real-time fault, configuration and provisioning, with IoT-based site and energy monitoring (minute-level telemetry) deployed in 2024 to cut energy waste. Tenancy, billing and SLA management systems enforce 99.9% availability SLAs and automated invoicing. GIS and analytics cover network planning and drive capacity optimization across the estate. Robust cybersecurity and data governance frameworks meet 2024 regulatory standards.
Supplier & partner network
Indus Towers' supplier and partner network spans OEMs, EPCs, regional logistics and fuel vendors, supporting over 197,000 towers (2024); framework agreements deliver scale and rapid rollout, while a qualified rigger and field force pool ensures deployment speed and uptime, backed by robust QA/QC processes to maintain uniform standards.
- OEMs: standardized sourcing
- EPCs: turnkey delivery
- Logistics & fuel: regional coverage
- Field force: certified riggers
- QA/QC: centralized audits
Human capital
Indus Towers' human capital combines engineering, operations, procurement and regulatory experts supporting 195,000+ sites and strategic rollouts in 2024; program managers enable multi-city deployments while customer success teams manage top accounts and SLAs. A safety-first culture and documented compliance processes underpin operations, reducing incident rates and regulatory risk across the estate.
- engineering
- operations
- procurement
- regulatory
- program management
- customer success
- safety & compliance
197,000 towers power 1.16B subscribers with resilient power mix and 99.9% SLA
Indus maintains ~197,000 towers (2024) across macro, rooftop, IBS and small cells near high-traffic corridors to serve 1.16B wireless subscribers (TRAI Jan 2024).
Powering uses grid, DG, VRLA and lithium batteries; battery costs ~132 USD/kWh (BNEF 2023) and rooftop solar reduces OPEX.
24x7 NOC, OSS, IoT telemetry, GIS analytics, supplier frameworks and certified field force enable high co-location and 99.9% SLA delivery.
| Resource | Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Towers | Count | ~197,000 |
| Subscribers | Market | 1.16B |
| Battery cost | USD/kWh | ~132 |
Value Propositions
Shared infrastructure savings
Co-location on Indus Towers lowers MNO capex and OPEX versus standalone builds by leveraging shared mast, power and maintenance resources. Indus operated ~200,000 sites with a tenancy ratio of ~1.9x in 2024, enabling faster market entry without site-build complexity. Economies of scale in power and upkeep drive measurable unit-cost declines. Long-term leasing contracts deliver predictable, recurring costs and revenue visibility.
High uptime & SLAs
Engineered redundancy and 24/7 active monitoring across 190,000+ Indus Towers sites drive high availability for major customers Jio, Bharti and Vodafone Idea. Clear SLAs with penalty/credit clauses align incentives and preserve revenue continuity. Rapid fault response from centralized NOCs and regional field teams minimizes service impact. Reliable power stacks—battery, hybrid gensets and solar—reduce outage risk.
Speed to deploy
Permitting expertise and partner capacity accelerate rollouts across India, leveraging Indus Towers' nationwide footprint of around 193,000 towers (2024). Standardized designs and pre‑negotiated sites in hotspot areas shorten lead times and reduce site search. Coverage across 22 telecom circles enables coordinated launches and rapid scale‑up.
5G-ready footprint
Indus Towers 5G-ready footprint features structures and power systems engineered for heavier loads and densification, supporting approximately 192,000 towers in India as of 2024 to accelerate urban and rural rollouts. Small-cell and IBS deployments target capacity hotspots, enabling 5–10x local throughput gains while integrated backhaul options (fiber and microwave) enhance end-to-end performance and latency. Future-proofing design reduces upgrade disruption and lowers lifecycle capex by enabling modular swaps instead of full site rebuilds.
- load-capacity: engineered for heavier 5G radios
- small-cell/IBS: hotspot scaling 5–10x
- backhaul: fiber+microwave integrations
- future-proof: modular upgrades cut capex and downtime
Energy efficiency & ESG
Hybrid energy deployments at Indus Towers reduce diesel use and emissions across its network of over 190,000 sites, while data-driven load optimization cuts wastage via remote monitoring and predictive analytics. Compliance with EMF and safety norms builds stakeholder trust, and ESG reporting aligned to SEBI BRSR supports customers’ sustainability targets and India’s net-zero by 2070 commitment.
- Hybrid systems: lower diesel consumption
- Data-driven ops: reduce energy wastage
- EMF & safety: regulatory trust
- ESG/BRSR: customer sustainability alignment
Co-location cuts MNO capex/OPEX across ~192,000 sites with ~1.9x tenancy
Co-location lowers MNO capex/OPEX via shared mast, power and maintenance across ~192,000 sites (2024) with tenancy ~1.9x (2024).
Engineered redundancy, 24/7 NOC and SLAs secure availability for Jio, Bharti and Vodafone Idea.
Permitting expertise and a 22-circle footprint (~193,000 towers 2024) speed rollouts and scale.
5G-ready sites, small-cell/IBS and hybrid energy support densification, resilience and ESG reporting.
| Metric | Value (2024) |
|---|---|
| Sites footprint | ~192,000–193,000 |
| Tenancy ratio | ~1.9x |
| Key customers | Jio, Bharti, Vodafone Idea |
Customer Relationships
Strategic account management
Dedicated teams coordinate planning and delivery for the three major telcos—Bharti Airtel, Reliance Jio and Vodafone Idea—ensuring tailored account management. Joint governance bodies set SLAs and rollout roadmaps with quarterly cadence. Executive QBRs align on performance and growth each quarter. Proactive issue resolution workflows reduce operational friction and escalation cycles.
Long-term contracts
Multi-year MSAs with Indus Towers, serving over 200,000 sites, provide revenue stability and contract clarity for operators. Indexed pricing tied to CPI and escalation clauses protect margins against inflation. Standardized renewal frameworks drive high continuity rates and reduce churn. Defined exit and relocation clauses limit operational uncertainty and cap relocation costs.
Technical collaboration
Technical collaboration drives co-design of site specs for 5G and edge technologies, aligning Indus Towers with operator roadmaps during 2024 rollouts. Shared trials for energy and equipment upgrades accelerate OPEX savings and grid-integration pilots. Continuous data sharing improves coverage and quality metrics, while engineering workshops with operators and vendors streamline deployments and reduce site activation times.
Self-service portals
Self-service portals give customers digital access to work orders, SLA dashboards and billing, supporting Indus Towers operations across ~195,000 sites as of March 2024; portals provide real-time site availability and capacity views, automated trouble ticketing with status updates, and analytics for usage and performance to speed resolution and optimize capacity.
- Digital work orders, SLA & billing
- Real-time site availability/capacity
- Automated trouble tickets & updates
- Analytics for usage, performance
Field support & NOC
Field support & NOC deliver 24x7 monitoring and rapid dispatch for incidents across Indus Towers, supported by regional teams covering Indias 22 telecom circles; the company manages about 199,000 towers (FY2023) enabling scalable on-ground coordination. Standard SOPs drive consistent service delivery, while mandatory post-incident root-cause reviews and corrective actions continuously improve uptime and response metrics.
- 24x7 NOC monitoring
- Regional teams: 22 telecom circles
- ~199,000 towers (FY2023)
- Standard SOPs for consistency
- Post-incident RCA and improvements
Dedicated teams, 24x7 NOC and portals accelerate 5G across ~199,000 towers and ~195,000 sites
Dedicated account teams serve Bharti Airtel, Reliance Jio and Vodafone Idea with quarterly QBRs, SLAs and 24x7 NOC support across ~199,000 towers (FY2023). Multi-year MSAs cover ~195,000 sites (Mar 2024) with CPI-indexed pricing and standardized renewals maintaining high continuity. Self-service portals, real-time capacity, automated tickets and engineering collaboration accelerate 5G rollouts and reduce activation time.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Towers (FY2023) | ~199,000 |
| Sites (Mar 2024) | ~195,000 |
| Major customers | 3 telcos |
| NOC | 24x7, 22 circles |
Channels
Direct enterprise sales
Account directors and solution teams engage major MNOs and ISPs—mapping needs to site options via consultative selling across over 200,000 Indus sites, serving the top three MNOs with a combined subscriber base near 1 billion (2024). Contracting is centralized through procurement to standardize SLAs and capex terms. Relationship-led growth targets circle-level upsell and multi-year renewals to boost tenancy and ARPU.
Digital platforms
Digital platforms expose inventory, tickets and reports via portals and APIs, linking over 190,000 Indus Towers sites to partners and enabling integration with customer OSS/BSS for seamless provisioning. Faster quote-to-order workflows reduce lead times—industry benchmarks in 2024 show digitalization can cut order cycles by up to 40%—while end-to-end data transparency improves SLA visibility and trust.
Joint planning forums
Quarterly joint planning forums align build pipelines across Indus Towers, coordinating rollout across its network of over 192,000 towers and roughly 560,000 tenancies (2024). Shared forecasts from these forums improve site readiness and capex sequencing, cutting friction between commercial and engineering teams. Regular governance cadences track execution against KPIs and quarterly milestones. Cross-functional participation speeds decisions, reducing approval lead times and enabling faster tenancy onboarding.
RFPs & tenders
RFPs & tenders drive competitive bids for circle-wide or national rollouts, supporting Indus Towers scale across ~195,000 towers (2024). Standardized responses speed approvals and ensure compliance; formal rate cards and SLA commitments lock pricing and performance. Continuous benchmarking reduced unit OPEX by double digits in industry peers, boosting margin resilience.
- Competitive national rollouts
- Standardized templates = faster compliance
- Formal rate cards & SLA
- Benchmarking → double-digit OPEX gains
Industry associations
Industry associations like TAIPA (Tower and Infrastructure Providers Association of India) and telecom forums enable Indus Towers to drive policy advocacy, share best practices and showcase pilots and new solutions to regulators and operators; TAIPA represents major towercos and coordinates sector standards. In 2024 India had about 1.18 billion wireless subscribers, increasing demand for shared-site solutions and partnerships.
- Engagement: TAIPA, telecom forums
- Advocacy: regulatory and policy influence
- Visibility: pilots, new solutions
- Networking: partnerships, co-location deals
Account teams serve ~1B subs via ~195k towers, orders cut 40%
Account directors engage MNOs/ISPs across ~195,000 towers, serving the top three MNOs with ~1 billion subscribers (2024). Digital portals/APIs connect ~190,000 sites, cutting quote-to-order cycles by up to 40% (2024). Quarterly planning, RFPs and standardized SLAs support ~560,000 tenancies and drive double-digit OPEX reductions.
| Metric | 2024 Value |
|---|---|
| Towers | ~195,000 |
| Tenancies | ~560,000 |
| Top-3 MNO subs | ~1,000,000,000 |
| Order cycle reduction | up to 40% |
Customer Segments
Mobile network operators
Mobile network operators—national (Jio ~450M subscribers, Airtel ~360M) and regional telcos—contract Indus for coverage and capacity via large multi-circle deals with high tenancy (Indus tenancy ~1.9x). Operators demand >99.9% uptime, low latency and cost-efficient site leasing; these strategic, recurring relationships drive predictable revenue and long-term cash flows.
Wireless ISPs & FWA
Wireless ISPs deploying fixed wireless access and last-mile links demand rooftop and small-cell access; Indus Towers' ~190,000 towers and ~450,000 tenancies in 2024 provide cost-effective co-location for rapid rollouts, enabling ISPs to cut capex and accelerate coverage; SLA-backed performance (uptime, latency) is critical as FWA customer growth rose ~25% YoY in India during 2024, driving tenancy demand and revenue per site.
Neutral host providers
Neutral host providers—IBS and small-cell operators—seek shared sites for cost-efficient indoor and dense urban coverage; Indus Towers supported over 200,000 towers in 2024, making shared infra scaleable. They require integrated power and backhaul solutions to guarantee SLAs for venue partners. Urban venue coverage partnerships (stadiums, malls, transit hubs) drive demand. Scalable contracts enable rapid densification and predictable ARPU per tenancy.
Public sector & smart cities
Municipal bodies and smart-city agencies in India (100 cities under the Smart Cities Mission in 2024) require durable connectivity infrastructure, driving demand for poles, street furniture and IoT hosting; Indus Towers' ~188,000 sites (2024) position it to supply such assets through compliance-focused, SLAs-heavy engagements with long procurement cycles but predictable, multi-year revenue streams.
- Municipal demand
- Poles & street furniture hosting
- IoT device colocation
- Compliance & SLA focus
- Long-cycle, stable contracts
Edge & enterprise IoT
- Edge compute: micro-sites for low-latency (<10 ms)
- Co-location: reduces footprint and capex
- Power & security: critical for uptime and compliance
- Market signal: 1B+ 5G connections in 2024
High-tenancy telcos and WISPs drive pole, micro-site and edge demand for 99.9% SLA
MNOs (Jio ~450M, Airtel ~360M) drive high-tenancy contracts (Indus tenancy ~1.9x) with >99.9% SLA needs. WISPs/FWA leverage Indus ~190,000 towers and ~450,000 tenancies (FWA growth ~25% YoY in 2024). Smart cities (100 cities, 2024) and edge/IoT (1B+ 5G connections, 2024) demand poles, micro-sites, power and low‑latency hosting.
| Segment | Key metric | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| MNOs | Subscribers/tenancy | Jio 450M; Airtel 360M; tenancy 1.9x |
| WISPs | Towers/tenancies | 190k towers; 450k tenancies; FWA +25% YoY |
| Smart cities/IoT | Cities/5G | 100 cities; 1B+ 5G connections |
Cost Structure
Site acquisition & build
Site acquisition & build: leases, permits and civil works plus steel, shelters and installation drive one-time capex for new towers, typically INR 15–25 lakh per site in India (2024 industry range). Annual lease/land rentals add recurring site cost. Capex on upgrades is similar in nature; assets are commonly depreciated straight-line over about 20 years (~5% p.a.).
Power & fuel
Power & fuel costs in 2024 remain a major Indus Towers cost driver as rising grid tariffs and elevated diesel prices increase site OPEX, prompting accelerated investments in on-site renewables and hybrid systems. Battery replacement and routine maintenance create recurring capital and service costs that must be capitalized and scheduled across the tower fleet. Enhanced metering and anti-theft measures reduce non-technical losses, while long-term PPAs are used to lock prices and manage fuel-price volatility.
Operations & maintenance
Operations and maintenance for Indus Towers covers a nationwide field force, spares inventory and logistics supporting roughly 190,000 tower sites, driving continuous NOC operations and 24/7 monitoring systems. Preventive and corrective maintenance routines reduce downtime and extend asset life, while vendor AMCs and manufacturer warranties cover critical equipment and limit capex spikes. O&M is a material recurring cost, managed to optimize uptime and unit economics.
SG&A and compliance
SG&A for Indus Towers covers corporate staff costs, enterprise IT systems and insurance premiums that support network operations, billing and cybersecurity.
Regulatory fees and statutory audits are material compliance items, alongside safety and mandatory training programs for tower technicians and access personnel.
Legal and consulting expenses arise from contract negotiations, spectrum-related disputes and M&A advisory services.
- Corporate staff, IT, insurance
- Regulatory fees & audits
- Safety & training programs
- Legal & consulting expenses
Finance & infrastructure
Finance and infrastructure costs include interest and refinancing charges tied to long-term tower debt, recurring expenditure for tower strengthening and retrofits to support 5G loads, investments in cybersecurity and data-platform resilience, and contingency reserves for disasters, vandalism and theft to protect uptime and customer SLAs.
- Interest & refinancing
- Tower retrofits/strengthening
- Cybersecurity & data platforms
- Disaster/theft contingency
Cut power OPEX 30% across 190,000 sites; capex INR 15-25 lakh
Site capex INR 15–25 lakh/site (2024), depreciated ~20 years (~5% p.a.); power & fuel ~30% of site OPEX (2024) driving renewables and battery spend; O&M, field force and spares for ~190,000 sites are material recurring costs; finance, regulatory, SG&A and contingency (cybersecurity, 5G retrofits) add steady overheads.
| Cost item | 2024 metric |
|---|---|
| Sites | ~190,000 |
| Capex/site | INR 15–25 lakh |
| Power share of OPEX | ~30% |
| Depreciation | ~5% p.a. |
Revenue Streams
Tenancy rentals
Recurring tenancy fees per tenant per site are Indus Towers core revenue driver; as of 2024 Indus operates ~192,000 sites with average tenancy ~1.9, and pricing varies by location, mast height and load; contracts are typically multi-year (3–10 years) with annual escalations commonly 3–5%, and discounts applied for volume commitments from large MNOs.
Power-as-a-service
Power-as-a-service charges customers on measured consumption and uptime guarantees, with direct pass-through of fuel and grid costs plus a contracted service margin; contracts typically include uptime SLAs to align payments with availability. Incentive clauses reward efficiency upgrades and fuel-switching, and customers can opt for green-energy supply at a premium, commonly 5-10% over standard rates in market offers as of 2024.
Build-to-suit fees
Build-to-suit fees include one-time and amortized charges for new site builds, tailored for anchor tenants requiring bespoke mast, power or shelter solutions; fees are contractually linked to firm tenancy commitments and often amortized over the tenancy term. Accelerated deployment surcharges apply for expedited rollouts. Indus Towers operated over 190,000 sites in India in 2024, driving scale in B2S pricing.
Fiber & backhaul hosting
Fiber and backhaul hosting generates rental revenue from fiber ducts and equipment space, plus fees for cross-connects and edge cabinet hosting; Indus Towers leveraged its ~195,000-site footprint in 2024 to bundle fiber with tower access, increasing ARPU per site and enabling premium SLAs for latency and availability to enterprise and carrier customers.
- Rentals: duct and equipment space
- Cross-connects & edge cabinets
- Bundled tower+fiber offers
- SLAs: latency & availability guarantees
Small-cell & IBS hosting
Small-cell and IBS hosting generates fees for indoor/outdoor densification infrastructure, with Indus Towers leveraging its scale across over 193,000 towers and ~400,000 tenancies (2024) to sell venue-based revenue-sharing with malls, offices and stadiums.
Power and maintenance add-ons create recurring ARPU uplifts; this is a key 5G capacity growth lever as operators densify networks for mmWave and mid-band coverage.
- Fees: site and equipment hosting
- Revenue share: venue partnerships
- Add-ons: power, maintenance, SLAs
- Growth: 5G-driven densification
Recurring tenancy fees: ~193,000 sites, ~400,000 tenancies; escalations 3–5%
Recurring tenancy fees are core: 2024 footprint ~193,000 sites, ~400,000 tenancies, avg tenancy ~1.9; contracts 3–10 yrs with annual escalations 3–5%. Power-as-a-service and B2S drive incremental revenue; green-energy premium commonly 5–10% and uptime SLAs link payments to availability. Fiber/backhaul, small-cell/IBS and maintenance add-ons increase ARPU and support 5G densification.
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Sites | ~193,000 |
| Tenancies | ~400,000 |
| Avg tenancy | ~1.9 |
| Escalations | 3–5% |
| Green premium | 5–10% |