{"product_id":"aircanada-five-forces-analysis","title":"Air Canada Porter's Five Forces Analysis","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Magnifier-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFrom Overview to Strategy Blueprint\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAir Canada faces intense rivalry, fluctuating fuel and labor supplier power, moderate buyer leverage from corporate contracts, and persistent threats from low-cost carriers and substitutes like video conferencing. This snapshot highlights key pressures shaping margins and growth. Unlock the full Porter's Five Forces Analysis to explore force-by-force ratings, visuals, and strategic implications in detail.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter green\"\u003eS\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003euppliers Bargaining Power\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper green\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConcentrated aircraft and engine makers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAirbus and Boeing together account for roughly 85–90% of global large commercial jet deliveries in 2023–24, constraining Air Canada’s leverage on price, specs and delivery slots. A handful of engine OEMs (GE\/CFM, Pratt \u0026amp; Whitney, Rolls‑Royce) hold over ~80% of engine market share, further limiting bargaining power. High switching costs — pilot type ratings, maintenance training, spares and certification — and Air Canada’s A220\/A320-family and Boeing fleet commonality deepen vendor dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eJet fuel suppliers and price volatility\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJet fuel is a major input, typically accounting for about 20–30% of airline operating costs, and supply is concentrated in a handful of refining hubs making Air Canada exposed to global price swings and geopolitical shocks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHedging programs reduce short-term exposure but cannot eliminate market-driven volatility or basis risk; residual exposure remains during sharp spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRising policy mandates and SAF demand (SAF currently costs roughly 2–4 times conventional jet fuel) are likely to tighten supplier leverage and upward price pressure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eAirports, ATC, and slot constraints\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMajor hubs such as Toronto Pearson (50+ million passengers in 2023 per GTAA), Vancouver and key international airports enforce fees, slot coordination and operational rules that Air Canada must accept. Peak congestion and slot scarcity at airports like Heathrow and JFK elevate supplier power and push up airport\/ATC charges. Limited alternatives on prime transatlantic and transborder routes reduce Air Canada’s bargaining options and capacity flexibility.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLabor unions and specialized skills\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePilots, technicians and cabin crew at Air Canada are unionized and sit within a global skills squeeze — IATA projected a pilot shortfall near 34,000 by 2026 — so contract negotiations materially influence labor costs and operational flexibility; certifications and training (eg 1,500‑hr ATP) raise switching costs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnionized workforce\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIATA pilot gap ~34,000 (by 2026)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1,500‑hr ATP raises entry barriers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNegotiations drive wage and scheduling risk\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMRO ecosystems and tech data access\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOEM control of parts, manuals and repair approvals limits third-party options; even with in-house MRO, Air Canada remains tied to OEM terms for proprietary components, raising costs and compliance hurdles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProlonged parts lead times and AOG risks increase supplier leverage, with industry estimates placing the 2024 global commercial MRO market near US$85 billion, amplifying OEM aftermarket influence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOEM repair approvals: constrains third-party choices\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn-house MRO: reduces but does not eliminate OEM dependence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParts lead times\/AOG: heighten supplier bargaining power\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConcentrated OEMs (\u003cstrong\u003e85-90%\u003c\/strong\u003e) and high fuel\/SAF costs squeeze airline margins\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConcentrated OEMs (Airbus\/Boeing ~85–90% deliveries; engine OEMs ~80% share) plus high switching costs limit Air Canada’s supplier leverage. Jet fuel 20–30% of costs and SAF 2–4x price elevate exposure despite hedging. Airports (Toronto Pearson 50+M pax 2023) and unionized labor (IATA pilot gap ~34,000 by 2026) further constrain bargaining power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eItem\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e2023–24 \/ 2024\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eAirframe market share\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eAirbus+Boeing 85–90%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEngine OEM share\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~80%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eJet fuel share of costs\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20–30%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eToronto Pearson pax\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50+ million (2023)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIATA pilot gap\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~34,000 (by 2026)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eGlobal MRO market\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~US$85bn (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSAF price vs jet\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~2–4x\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-includes\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhat is included in the product\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Word-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Word Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDetailed Word Document\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTailored Porter's Five Forces analysis for Air Canada uncovering competitive drivers, buyer and supplier power, substitutes and disruptive threats, and barriers to entry—delivering strategic insights you can edit and deploy in investor materials, strategy decks, or academic work.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"plus-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Plus-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Plus Icon\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Excel-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Excel Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCustomizable Excel Spreadsheet\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne-sheet Air Canada Porter's Five Forces summary with an instant spider\/radar chart—customize pressure levels for fuel, regulation, and competition to use in decks or boardrooms without macros or complex code.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter orange\"\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003eustomers Bargaining Power\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePrice-sensitive leisure travelers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrice-sensitive leisure travelers increasingly compare fares across OTAs and metasearch engines, with over 60% of leisure searches routed through these platforms in 2024, boosting price transparency. Demand on many leisure routes remains elastic (price elasticity often around -1.1 to -1.3), intensifying downward fare pressure. Air Canada offsets some buyer power via ancillary fees and fare families, which in 2024 accounted for roughly 8–10% of passenger revenue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCorporate and government contracts\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarge corporate and government contracts force Air Canada into negotiated discounts, flexible routing and bespoke service levels, reflecting procurement leverage as business travel recovered to roughly 85% of 2019 levels in 2024 per IATA. Volume concentration lets major accounts pressure yields and schedules, especially on transborder and transatlantic routes. Air Canada’s loyalty program and broad network mitigate but do not eliminate this bargaining power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLoyalty program switching and status\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAeroplan raises switching costs through points balances and elite perks (priority boarding, lounge access), with over 6 million members reported by Air Canada in 2024, reinforcing retention. Transferable bank points (American Express, TD, CIBC) and Star Alliance partners provide alternative redemption routes and some mobility. Periodic award-chart devaluations and service lapses have historically prompted spikes in complaints and defections.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCargo shippers and forwarders\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCargo shippers and forwarders exert moderate bargaining power over Air Canada: shippers compare air to ocean, rail and trucking on time-value and cost, while forwarders aggregate demand and negotiate rates on behalf of multiple customers. IATA noted in 2024 that passenger recovery restored belly capacity toward pre‑pandemic levels, keeping belly share around 50% and reducing Air Canada’s peak pricing leverage versus off‑peak cycles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShippers: time‑sensitive vs cost tradeoffs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForwarders: demand aggregation, rate negotiation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBelly capacity ≈50% of supply; seasonal peaks raise rates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eService quality and disruption sensitivity\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eService quality drives customer bargaining power: Air Canada reported a 76% on-time performance in H1 2024 and IRROP-related refunds rose 12% year-over-year, making recovery policies a choice determinant; social media mentions surged 22% in 2024, amplifying reputational impact; strong competition on trunk routes (WestJet, low-cost carriers) raises passenger expectations and switching propensity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOTP 76% (H1 2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIRROP refunds +12% YoY (2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial mentions +22% (2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh competition on trunk routes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLeisure price sensitivity and 76% OTP pressure fares; ancillaries cushion revenue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomers wield moderate-to-high bargaining power: leisure price sensitivity (60%+ OTA searches in 2024, elasticity ~-1.1 to -1.3) pressures fares while ancillaries (8–10% of passenger revenue in 2024) and Aeroplan (6M+ members) mitigate switching. Corporates negotiate discounts as business travel recovered to ~85% of 2019 levels in 2024; OTP 76% (H1 2024) and service lapses amplify churn.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMetric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e2024\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLeisure OTA share\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e60%+\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eAncillary rev\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e8–10%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eAeroplan members\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6M+\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBusiness travel vs 2019\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~85%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOTP (H1)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e76%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIRROP refunds YoY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e+12%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #3BB77E;\"\u003ePreview the Actual Deliverable\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAir Canada Porter's Five Forces Analysis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis preview shows the exact document you'll receive immediately after purchase—no surprises or placeholders. It contains a complete Porter’s Five Forces analysis of Air Canada covering competitive rivalry, supplier and buyer power, and threats of entry and substitution. The file is professionally formatted, sourced and ready for use. You’ll get instant access to this identical document after payment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Explore-Preview.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"PortersFiveForce","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56163330982265,"sku":"aircanada-five-forces-analysis","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0914\/5276\/8633\/files\/aircanada-five-forces-analysis.png?v=1762717572","url":"https:\/\/portersfiveforce.com\/products\/aircanada-five-forces-analysis","provider":"Porter's Five Forces","version":"1.0","type":"link"}